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Hermann Josef von Kuhl (2 November 1856 – 4 November 1958) was a Prussian military officer, member of the German General Staff, and a ''Generalleutnant'' during World War I. One of the most competent commanders in the Imperial German Army, he retired in 1919 to write a number of critically acclaimed essays on the war. Hermann von Kuhl is one of only five recipients to be distinguished with both the "military class" and "peace class" of the Pour le Mérite, Prussia's and Germany's highest honor.〔William E. Hamelman: ''The History of the Prussian Pour le Mérite Order, Volume III (1888–1918)'' Matthäus Publishers, 1986〕〔(History of the Pour le Mérite ) at pourlemerite.org, Retrieved 28 April 2012.〕 == Pre-war period == Hermann von Kuhl was born in Koblenz, Rheinpreußen (Rhenish Prussia), the son of a high school teacher. He studied philosophy, classical philology, German studies and comparative linguistics at the Universities of Leipzig, Tübingen, Marburg and Berlin. In 1878 he received his D.Phil. with the dissertation ''De Saliorum Carminibus.'' During his studies, he was a member of the University of Leipzig's singing group ''St. Pauli.''〔Has Meier-Welcker: ''Hermann von Kuhl,'' in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 13 (1982), pp. 251f. (Online summary ) Retrieved 28 April 2012〕 On 1 October 1878 he joined the ''5th Westphalian Infantry Regiment No. 53 – Köln'' as a cadet. There he was promoted to ''Leutnant'' in 1879 and ''Oberleutnant'' in 1889. After attending the Prussian Military Academy from 1889 to 1892, he served in the ''Royal Prussian District Command (Bezirkskommando) Wesel'' and the ''Grenadier Regiment "King Friedrich Wilhelm I" (2nd East Prussian) No. 3 – Königsberg'', where he was a company commander.〔(Hermann von Kuhl ) at ''The Prussian Machine'', Retrieved 28 April 2012〕 In 1897 he returned to the Prussian Military Academy in Berlin as an instructor and concurrently served as a Section Chief in the German General Staff. During his time on the General Staff von Kuhl was heavily influenced by ''Feldmarschall'' Alfred Graf von Schlieffen and the Schlieffen plan. Working well with the often-difficult Schlieffen, von Kuhl's career flourished. Schlieffen came to believe von Kuhl would become a "great captain of the future" and in 1899 promoted him to ''Major''.〔David T. Zabecki: ''Chief of Staff, Volume 1: The Principal Officers Behind History's Great Commanders: Napoleonic Wars to World War I'' Naval Institute Press, 2008〕 During this period von Kuhl also served on the General Staff of the Imperial German Navy until the end of 1902. His first major publication, ''Bonaparte's Campaign of 1796, the Starting Point of Modern Warfare,'' also appeared in 1902.〔 On 4 June 1912 von Kuhl was promoted to ''Generalmajor''. One year later, during the 25th anniversary of the reign of Kaiser Wilhelm II, he was knighted and thereafter named ''von Kuhl''. At this time he received his first command, that of the ''25th Infantry Brigade Münster'', from 3 June 1913 to 2 August 1914. His last position prior to the start of World War I was an appointment as one of the five ''Oberquartiermeister'' who served as deputies to the Chief of the General Staff in Berlin.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hermann von Kuhl」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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